Chapter 1. Alkenes and alkynes. |
Alkenes: nomenclature, structure and properties. Reactivity: Catalytic hydrogenation. Electrophilic addition reactions. Addition of hydrogen halides, halogens, water, oxymercuration, formation of halohydrins, and hydroboration. Alkene epoxidation and hydroxylation. Oxidative cleavage of alkenes. Radical halogenation. Polymerization.
Alkynes: nomenclature, structure and properties. Preparation by elimination reactions and by using acetylides. Reductions and electrophilic addition reactions. |
Chapter 2. Conjugate systems |
Allylic systems: resonant forms, electronic structure and reactivity: radical halogenation and substitution reactions Dienes: electronic structure and reactivity: electrophilic addition and Diels-Alder reaction. |
Chapter 3. Benzene and aromaticity |
Aromatic compounds: nomenclature, electronic structure and properties: Hückel rule. Electrophilic aromatic substitution on benzene: halogenaton, nitration, sulfonation and Friedel¡-Crafts reactions. Orientation in the Electrophilic aromatic substitution on benzene derivatives. Reduction of aromatic compounds. Nucleophilic substitution reactions of aryl halides. |
Chapter 4. Aldehydes and ketones |
Nomenclature, structure and properties. Nucleophilic addition reaction: hydration, hemiacetals, ketals thioketals, imines, enamines and cyanohydrins. Addition of organometallic reagents. The Wittig reaction. Reduction of carbonilyc compounds. Oxidation reactions of aldehydes and ketones. |