Teaching GuideTerm
Faculty of Law
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Grao en Dereito
 Subjects
  Obligations and Tort Law
   Contents
Topic Sub-topic
PART I: INTRODUCTION

LESSON 1: THE CONCEPT OF «OBLIGATION» AND THE «LAW OF OBLIGATIONS»
1. What is an obligation?
2. Importance of the Law of obligations within the continental legal systems
3. Where are the rules of the law of obligations in the common law systems?

LESSON 2: LAW OF CONTRACT AND LAW OF OBLIGATIONS
1. The place of contract in private law systems
a. Obligations and contract
b. Contract and tort
c. Contract and property
d. General contract rules and specific contracts
2. The principles of contract law: differences between the common law and the continental law
a. Contract as an agreement between parties
b. The doctrine of consideration and the «cause» of the contract
c. The role of the good faith principle
d. The meaning of contract freedom
e. Drafting contracts in continental and common law.
3. «Life of the contract»
a. Contract formation: negotiations and lack of negotiations
b. Contract conclusion: contract validity and content
c. Contract performance.


PART II: THE LAW OF OBLIGATIONS

LESSON 3: PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS AND BASIC PRINCIPLES
1. Lack of a common legal vocabulary in the field of the law of obligations
2. DCFR solution for a European model law of obligations
a. Scope of the model rules on obligations (Book III)
b. Definitions: obligation, terms of an obligation, performance, non-performance, reciprocal obligation.
3. DCFR basic principles of the law of obligations
a. The duty of good faith and fair dealing
b. The duty of cooperation between the parties
4. Rules regarding conditions and time limits in obligations
a. Conditional obligations
b. Time limited obligations

LESSON 4: PERFORMANCE AND NON-PERFORMANCE OF OBLIGATIONS
1. Performance, obligation to perform and payment: continental and common law approaches
2. Time, place, currency and method of payment.
3. Who has to perform the obligation? Payment by a third person

LESSON 5: REMEDIES FOR NON-PERFORMANCE OF OBLIGATIONS
1. General remedies in continental systems
a. The right to enforce performance
b. Specific performance and damages
2. General remedies in common law systems
a. Damages
b. The problem of specific performance
3. Termination
a. Scope of the right to terminate
b. Restitution

LESSON 6: PLURALITY OF DEBTORS AND CREDITORS
1. Obligations with several parties: continental systems and common law systems
2. Solidarity, divided and joint obligations
3. The model rules of DCFR regarding plurality of debtors and creditors

LESSON 7: CHANGE OF PARTIES
1. Change of creditor: requirements and effects regarding creditor and debtor
2. Change of debtor: types, requirements and effects
3. Change of a contractual party


PART III: THE LAW OF TORTS

LESSON 8: THE DIFFERENT TORT LAW SYSTEMS IN EUROPE
1. The French family system
2. The German system
3. The common law system
4. Towards a harmonization in Europe?
a. Different policy approaches and legal cultures
b. The EU influence
c. The achievements of the last decade: PETL and DCFR

LESSON 9: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF LIABILITY
1. Scope of protected interest
a. Protection of the person
b. Protection of economic interests: protection against «pure economic loss»
2. Causation
a. The «Certainty of damages» principle
b. Traditional causation theories in the European legal systems
c. Burden of proof
d. The problem of uncertainty over causation
e. Limiting the scope of results: remoteness of damage and «objective zurechnung»
3. Damages
a. Compensation and punishment: the problem of punitive damages
b. Types of damages: Economic damages and Personal injuries
c. Compensating personal injuries: different approaches

LESSON 10: BASES OF LIABILITY
1. The reasons behind the right to damage compensation: Strict liability and negligence liability. The «law and economics» approach
2. Negligence
a. Role of negligence in continental tort law
b. Role of the tort of negligence in common law
d. Intention and negligence
e. Negligent conduct: relevant objective and subjective circumstances
f. Interpretation of negligence in strict liability terms: The examples of French and Spanish case law.
4. Strict liability
a. Background of strict liability
b. Types of strict liability regimes: liability based on risk and enterprise liability
c. Negligence influence on certain strict liability concepts and requirements

LESSON 11: SPECIFIC LIABILITY REGIMES AND TORTS
1. Liability for other persons and vicarious liability
2. Liability for risky activities and dangerous goods
3. Defective products
4. Environmental liability
5. Public bodies liability
 1. Concepto de obriga. 2.Débeda e responsabilidade. 3. A patrimonialidade da obriga. 4. A complexidade da relación obrigatoria. 5. Fontes de obrigas. 6. A declaración unilateral de vontade.
TEMA 2: Os suxeitos da relación obrigatoria. 1. Introducción. 2. As relacións obrigatorias con pluralidade de suxeitos. 3. Réximen das obrigacións mancomundas divisibles. 4. Réximen das obligacións mancomunadas indivisibles. 5. Réximen das obligacións solidarias.
TEMA 3: O obxecto da relación obrigatoria. 1. A prestación e o seu contido. Obrigas de dar, facer e non facer. 2. As obrigas xenéricas. 3. As obrigas alternativas. 4. As obrigas sinalagmáticas. 5. As obrigas pecuniarias. A débeda de intereses.
TEMA 4: As circunstancias da relación obrigatoria. 1. o tempo da relación obrigatoria. 2. As obrigas a prazo. 3. O lugar da relación obrigatoria. 4. A relación obrigatoria condicional.
TEMA 5: O pago ou cumprimento da obriga. 1. Os medios solutorios. 2. O pago e os seus requisitos. 3. A imputación de pagos.
TEMA 6: Os subrogados do cumprimento. 1. Introducción. 2. A consignación. 3. A compensación. 4. A dación en pago e o pago por cesión de bens. 5. A remisión ou condonación da débeda.
TEMA 7: O incumprimento da obriga e as súas consecuencias. 1. O incumprimento da obriga e o cumprimento defectuoso. 2. As medidas de protección do dereito de crédito lesionado. 3. A responsabilidade polo incumprimento. Criterios de imputación. 4. A mora do debedor. 5. A imposibilidade sobrevenida.
TEMA 8: Protección e garantías do dereito de crédito. 1. Introducción. 2. Medios de tutela preventiva. 3. Acción pauliana. 4. Acción subrogatoria. 5. Pena convencional. 6. Arras. 7. Dereito de retención.
TEMA 9: Concurrencia de acreedores e insuficiencia do patrimonio do debedor. 1. Nocións xerais. 2. Os créditos privilexiados. 3. Concurrencia singular de acreedores. 4. Concurrencia universal de acreedores. 5. O concurso de acreedores e Lei Concursal.
TEMA 10: A modificación e a extinción da relación obrigatoria. 1. A novación e as súas clases. 2. Novación por cambio do acreedor. 3. Novación por cambio do debedor. 4. Novación por cesión de contrato. 5. Extinción da relación obrigatoria.
TEMA 11: Os cuasicontrantos 1. Os cuasicontratos. 2. O enriquecimento sin causa. 3. A xestión de negocios alleos sin mandato. 4. O cobro do indebido.
TEMA 12: A responsabilidade civil. 1. Concepto e funcións da responsabilidade civil. 2. Responsabilidade civil contractual e extracontractual. 3. Responsabilidade civil e responsabilidade penal. 4. Os elementos constitutivos da responsabilidade civil. 5. Os suxeitos da responsabilidade civil. A responsabilidade por feito alleo. 6. A prescripción da acción de reclamación de danos. 7. O seguro de repsonsabilidade civil.
TEMA 13: As responsabilidades civiles especiais. 1. A responsabilidade civil na circulación de vehículos a motor. 2. A responsabilidade civil por danos causados por productos defectuosos. 3. A responsabilidade civil médica. 4. A responsabilidade por danos causados por animais e no ámbito da caza. 5. Os accidentes de traballo e a responsabilidade do empresario.
TEMA 14: A responsabilidade pola actuación administrativa 1. Introducción. 2. O réximen xurídico da responsabilidade da a
Administración pública. 3. O resarcimento da lesión. A indemnización. 4. Os procedimentos de responsabilidade patrimonial.
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