Identifying Data 2020/21
Subject (*) Immunology Code 610441008
Study programme
Mestrado Universitario en Bioloxía Molecular , Celular e Xenética
Descriptors Cycle Period Year Type Credits
Official Master's Degree 2nd four-month period
 First Optional 3
Language
Spanish
Teaching method Face-to-face
Prerequisites
Department Bioloxía
Ciencias Biomédicas, Medicina e Fisioterapia
Fisioterapia, Medicina e Ciencias Biomédicas
Coordinador
Lamas Criado, Iban
 E-mail
iban.lamas@udc.es
Lecturers
Castro Castro, Antonio Manuel
Díaz Prado, María Luz
Lamas Criado, Iban
Sangiao Alvarellos, Susana
Yañez Sanchez, Julian
 E-mail
antonio.castro@udc.es
luz.diaz@udc.es
iban.lamas@udc.es
susana.sangiao@udc.es
julian.yanez@udc.es
Web
General description Esta materia encádrase no Máster en Bioloxía Molecular, Celular e Xenética. Aínda que polas súas importantes aplicacións na investigación, sanidade e industria, a inmunoloxía tería que ser tratada coma unha materia con autonomía propia na Licenciatura de Bioloxía, a realidade é que as súas estreitas relacións con outras disciplinas biolóxicas, coma a Bioloxía celular, Bioquímica, Xenética e Microbioloxía propiciaron o feito de que se ministre de cotío de xeito pouco homoxéneo e fragmentado por áreas afíns diversas. Por iso, no presente curso do Máster preténdese ofrecer ao alumno unha información conxunta e actualizada sobre dos compoñentes e mecanismos de resposta do sistema inmunitario nas situacións fisiolóxicas e patolóxicas. Pola outra banda, executaranse e interpretaranse diversas técnicas básicas que, agardamos, os axuden a abordar algúns problemas ao longo do seu traballo de investigación.


Contingency plan PLAN DE CONTINXENCIA
1. Modificacións nos contidos
Non se prevén modificacións nos contidos.
2. Metodoloxías
*Metodoloxías docentes que se manteñen
Mantéñense as metodoloxías recollidas na guía docente (sesión maxistral, prácticas de laboratorio, aprendizaxe colaborativa, proba obxectiva, e análise de fontes documentais), aínda que se adaptarán á modalidade online.
Manténse o uso de páxinas interactivas e de atlas neuroanatómicos on-line para a docencia práctica.
*Metodoloxías docentes que se modifican
A metodoloxía adaptarase á modalidad online. Para tal fin recorrerase a Microsoft Teams. Así mesmo, todo o material empregado poñerase a disposición do alumnado a través da plataforma Moodle.
As prácticas de laboratorio adaptaránse igualmente, de xeito que a identificación das diferentes rexións do sistema nervioso e a utilización de modelos animais para o estudo do sistema nervioso (en condicións fisiolóxicas e patolóxicas) serán substituidas por imaxes das rexións/estruturas a estudar.
Para a actividade “Análise de fontes documentais”, de no ser posible realízalo de modo presencial, realizaráse mediante Microsoft Teams.
As dúbidas xurdidas (atención personalizada) serán tratadas a través do correo electrónico, Moodle ou Microsoft teams.
As probas ou exames a realizar faranse a través da plataforma Moodle.
3. Mecanismos de atención personalizada ao alumnado
Moodle: sempre que se requira (segundo necesidade ou demanda do alumnado).
Microsoft Teams: sempre que se requira (segundo necesidade ou demanda do alumnado).
Correo electrónico: sempre que se requira (a demanda do alumnado). De uso para facer consultas, solicitar encontros virtuais para resolver dúbidas ou outras aclaracións relativas á materia.
4. Modificacións na avaliación
Mantense o sistema de avaliación recollido na guía docente, aínda que as probas realizaranse telemáticamente a través de Moodle.
*Observacións de avaliación:
Mantéñense as observacións recollidas na guía docente.
5. Modificacións da bibliografía ou webgrafía
Non se prevén modificacións.

Study programme competencies
Code Study programme competences
A1 Skills of working in a sure way in the laboratories knowing operation handbooks and actions to avoid incidents of risk.
A2 Skills of using usual techniques and instruments in the cellular, biological and molecular research: that are able to use techniques and instruments as well as understanding potentials of their uses and applications.
A6 Skills of understanding the functioning of cells through the structural organization, biochemistry, gene expression and genetic variability.
A7 Skills of knowing and analyzing specific cellular systems as stem cells, nerve cells, cells of the immune system, or other cells related to several pathologies.
A8 Skills of having an integrated view of the previously acquired knowledge about Molecular and Cellular Biology and Genetics, with an interdisciplinary approach and experimental work.
B3 Skills of management of the information: that are able to gather and to understand relevant information and results, obtaining conclusions and to prepare reasoned reports on scientific and biotechnological questions
B4 Organization and work planning skills: that are able to manage the use of the time as well as available resources and to organize the work in the laboratory.
B6 Skills of team work: that are able to keep efficient interpersonal relationships in an interdisciplinary and international work context, with respect for the cultural diversity.

Learning aims
Learning outcomes Study programme competences
To differentiate the different types of plant and animal tissues in microscopic preparations and pictures. AR1
AR2
AR6
AR7
AR8
 BR3
- At the end of the master, it is expected that students know the molecular, cellular, tissue and organic components of the immune system, and understand its integrated function in health and disease conditions. AR1
AR2
AR6
AR7
 BR4
Collaborate in the performance of a work in small groups (2 people maximum) on some aspect of the contents of the matter theoretical program. You'll need to gather the right information, organize work, study the available resources to manage time. After processing, the work will be exposed orally by the authors, using computer tools and the appropriate terminology. AR1
AR2
- At the end of the master, it is expected that students know the molecular, cellular, tissue and organic components of the immune system, and understand its integrated function in health and disease conditions. AR7
AR8
Collaborate in the performance of a work in small groups (2 people maximum) on some aspect of the contents of the matter theoretical program. You'll need to gather the right information, organize work, study the available resources to manage time. After processing, the work will be exposed orally by the authors, using computer tools and the appropriate terminology. BR4
BR6
To know the basic structure of the different plant and animal tissues. AR8
Learn the basic techniques and protocols and acquire the necessary skills required to handle, safely, the material used in the laboratory and to organize work in it. You will also learn to recognize the importance of their use in different contexts.. AR1
AR2
To understand the importance of the functional interrelationship between the different tissues that make up the plant and animal organs. AR8
Learn the basic techniques and protocols and acquire the necessary skills required to handle, safely, the material used in the laboratory and to organize work in it. You will also learn to recognize the importance of their use in different contexts.. AR1
AR2
The student understand the basic types of immune responses triggered in front of the recognizing a pathogen or an antigen and the regulators and effectors mechanisms involved in each one of these responses. AR6
AR7
AR8
To know the basic structure of the different organs (plant and animals organs). AR6
The student understand the basic types of immune responses triggered in front of the recognizing a pathogen or an antigen and the regulators and effectors mechanisms involved in each one of these responses. AR6
AR7
AR8

Contents
Topic Sub-topic
The theoretical course program - Subtopics of the theoretical course program


Topic 1. Introdución to the Immunology..
- A brief history
Topic 2. Components of the immune system. - Immune System Cells: genesis and lineages. Primary and secondary lymphoid organs: structure and function. Lymphocyte circulation: Cellular traffic and involved molecules.
Topic 3. The innate immune system. - Concept. Features. Physical, chemical and biological defense barriers. Cellular components. Humoral components. Receptors of the innate immune system. Effectory mechanisms of innate immunity. Phagocytosis and inflammation: phases, effector cells and molecules involved. Interactions with the adaptive response.
Topic 4. The adaptive / specific immune system

 - Concept. Characteristics and properties (specificity, clonal nature, adaptability, memory). Cellular components: B lymphocytes and T antigen presenting cells. Phases of adaptive mechanism. Antigen recognition: T surface receptor (TCR) and B (BCR) cells. Phase of cell activation and proliferation: Mechanism of clonal selection and expansion. Phase of cell differentiation: Differentiation of T and B lymphocyte,. Effectory phase. Immune mechanisms: cellular immunity. Humoral immunity.
Topic 5. Antigens / immunogens / haptens. - Antigen concept. Chemical nature. Properties. Immunogen concept. Epitope concept: nature and types. Haptens and hapten-carrier conjugates. Types of antigens: conformational and sequential, T dependent and independent. Multivalent, Superantigens, Autoantigen and Mitogens. .
Topic 6: Antibodies (immunoglobulins). - Concept. Molecular structure: characters. Variable regions and antigen binding. Constant regions and effectory function. Classification (classes, subclasses). Expression of membrane and secreted immunoglobulins. Biological functions and distribution of antibodies.
.
Topic 7. antigen-antibody reactions - The paratope structure. Complementarity between antigen and antibody. Characteristics of the antigen-antibody binding: affinity, avidity and specificity. Biological meaning: neutralization, opsonization, complement activation, cell cytotoxicity antibody-dependent (ADCC)..
Topic 8. Citoquinas. - Concept. General Properties. Mechanisms of biological action. Cytokine receptors: types. Regulating effects of the cytokines. Functional classification: cytokines that mediate immune responses..

Topic 9. The system of the complement 		- Concept. Components. Nomenclature. Activation of the complement system: Alternative pathway. Classical pathway. Lectin pathway. Lytic pathway. Receptor proteins of the complement. Regulation. Biological functions.
Topic 10. The molecules of Histocompatibility. - Concept. Major histocompatibility complex (CPH / MHC). Histocompatibility genes: Properties. Structure of histocompatibility molecules: Class I and II. Binding peptide-MHC molecules: Characters. Polymorphism of the MHC molecules on their binding peptides. Expression of MHC molecules. Biological functions..
Topic 11. The Processing and presentation of antigens. - The antigen presenting cells: function. Recognition of peptide antigen. Antigen processing (degradation): endocytic (extracellular) and cytosolic (intracellular) pathways. Assembly of the peptides to MHC molecules. Presentation and expression of complex peptide-class I / II on the surface of the CPA.
Topic 12. Development, maturation, activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes
 - Development and maturation in the bone marrow. Differentiation of B lymphocytes antigen independent: Expression of surface markers (CD19, 10). The functional antigen receptor (BCR). Maturation of B cells: mechanisms of negative and positive clonal selection. Production of virgin mature B lymphocytes. Migration to2nd lymphoid organs antigen-dependent: Activation of B lymphocyte by antigen. Structure and function of the BCR receptor. B cell proliferation through activation of T helper lymphocytes (CD4). Differentiation into plasma cells. B cell migration into primary follicles: Differentiation of B cells activated in memory B cells

Topic 13. Chap.13. Development, maturation, activation and differentiation of T lymphocytes
- Migration of T cell precursors to the thymus. Development and differentiation of T lymphocyte antigen-independent: Expression of surface markers (CD3, 4, 8). Maturation of T cells: mechanisms of positive and negative clonal selection. Production of virgin mature T cells. Migration to secondary lymphoid organs. Activation of mature T cells by antigen: TCR receptor: structure and function. Receptor interactions T cell / MHC-specific ligand: Activation of T lymphocytes proliferation of mature T lymphocytes. Differentiation into effector T lymphocytes. Subpopulations of effector T lymphocytes: cytotoxic T: CD8). T helper cells (Helper: CD4): Role of Th1 and Th2 subclasses. Production of T cell memory.
Topic 14. The immune response. - Concept. Action mechanisms. Response types. Cellular Immune Response: characteristics of cellular cooperation. The influence of the antigen and of the microenvironment. The effector cells involved. Humoral immune response: Characteristics. Phases of activation, proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes. Primary immune response. Immunological memory. Secondary immune response

Topic 15. Immune Tolerance.
- Concept of immune tolerance. General properties. Mechanisms of immunological tolerance. Central and peripheral tolerance of T and B cels . Mechanisms of induction of tolerance: Delección clonal, anergia clonal. Immunological ignorance. Supresors/regulatory T cells. Cell-cell interactions: help and suppression. Tolerance to the own and foreign antigens.
Program of practical classes - Practices to develop in the (INIBIC) laboratory

Practice 1
- Protocol for the extraction of the distinct populations of blood cells in the peripheral blood.
* Separation of leucocytes by gradient of density with Histopaque.
* Obtaining of mononuclears cells of the peripheral blood (lymphocytes and monocytes).
* Obtaining of granulocytes.
* Obtaining of platelets.

Practice 2
- Flow Cytometry: antigénic determination of immune cells: Isolation of T lymphocytes by Sorter.

Practice 3
- ELISA (Essay by inmunoabsorción tied to enzymes: detection of specific antibodies or of soluble cytokines in serums).

Practice 4.
- Immunohistochemistry: Identification of antigenic markers on frozen or paraffin-embedded tissue by fluorescence techniques or enzyme samples.

Planning
Methodologies / tests Competencies Ordinary class hours Student’s personal work hours Total hours
Laboratory practice A2 A1 A6 A7 A8 B3 B4 B6 7 7 14
Objective test A6 A7 A8 3.5 0 3.5
Guest lecture / keynote speech A6 A7 A8 B6 14 28 42
Seminar A2 A6 A7 A8 B3 B4 B6 4.5 9 13.5
 
Personalized attention 2 0 2
 
(*)The information in the planning table is for guidance only and does not take into account the heterogeneity of the students.

Methodologies
Methodologies Description
Laboratory practice - The student must realize 10 hours of practical class in the laboratory, compulsory and presentials, after the theoretical classes have finished. In the lab, they will develop different activities of experimental character (demonstrations, problems) that will allow to approach some aspects of the theoretical knowledge acquired in the magistral sesions. Besides, they will adquire the handle skills adapted for the development of simple experimental metho-dologies, own of the immnunological techniques. The practices class will be realized in the INIBIC, where they will have the suitable infrastructura to the aims of the practice, and also will take place the practical examination.
Objective test
- The student will realise a final examination on the theoretical contents of the subjet that can combine different types of questions: type test questions of multiple answer, short questions, of ordination, to complete, of association. Also is possible to construct it with one only type of these questions. The date and place of celebration of the final examination (Official Announcement of May) will warn with antelación. If the student suspended, or did not appear to the examination in May, he will have the possibility to present in the test of the month of July, whose date and place of celebracion will warn previously
Guest lecture / keynote speech - During the course the teacher will give between 14-15 master class sesions, attend them and compulsory, on some of the corresponding contents to the program. In them will be explained the basic theoretical foundations of the subjet employing computer tools. For a better improvement, recommends that the student have read in advance the fundamental aspects of the topics mentioned in the recommended texts and also in the Moodle platform. The calendar and final schedule of the keynote sesions will communicate in advance in the web page of the subjet.
Seminar -At the beginning of the course the teacher will suggest the accomplishment of a supervised study to the student in small groups (2 at most people) on some aspects of a topic of the theoretical immunology program. The student shall organize, prepare and discuss, along the course, under the teacher guide (3 tutorships max). The student will receive in advance the material object of the seminar, which will target towards current aspects of inmunology, in order to seek the needed information. The teacher will effect a pooling in common, in which they will discuss and resolve issues related to their contents and the conclusions they should reach all members of the group.The result of the study will be exposed by the authors to the rest gives class, during 1 hour, using computer tools.

Personalized attention
Methodologies
Guest lecture / keynote speech
Seminar
Objective test
Laboratory practice
Description
- The student can check your specific doubts during the keynote sessions and, more at wide, in the sharings of the seminars. Besides, it will have personal tutorials to solve any question related with the theoretical, practical and with the planned activities in the discipline matter. Given the purpose of this tutoríal, we will try that the schedule be the most accommodated for the professor and the student, coordinating it previously between both.

Tutor schedule:
- Dra. María José González Fuentes: Monday, Tuesday and Friday. The schedule will indicate the first day of the course. Area of Cellular Biology. Faculty of Sciences. University of the Coruña. Email: majoseg@udc.es
- Dra. Nieves Domenech Garcia: please contact Professor by Email: Dr. Nieves.domenech.garcia @ sergas.es.


Assessment
Methodologies Competencies Description Qualification
Guest lecture / keynote speech A6 A7 A8 B6 - The attendance to the masterclasses is fundamental for the domain of the contents of the matter.
- The considered competitions are the following ones: A8, A9, A10, B1, B4, B5.
 0
Seminar A2 A6 A7 A8 B3 B4 B6 - It will evaluate the work in group, considering also the attendance and participation in the various activities carried out during the preparation of the guided work, the adecuación to the proposed topic, the ability of understanding and presentation and the bibliography used. All this will represent 25% of the final qualification.
- The competences promoted in this activity are the following ones: A9, A11, B3, B4, B5, B6, B9. 		20
Objective test A6 A7 A8
- At the end of the lectures will realise a final examination of the theoretical contents of the course. The attendance to the theoretical classes and the participation in its activities is compulsory, and will suppose 55% of the final qualification.
- With the objective proof, the student will show the level of knowledge and skills purchased along the course, as well as the capacity of synthesis and abstraction developed.
60
Laboratory practice A2 A1 A6 A7 A8 B3 B4 B6 - At the end of the practical classes, it will realise a final examination of the contents worked on them, in the own laboratory of the INIBIC. The attendance at the (compulsory) practical classes and the participation in all activities is a key requirement for his overcoming, and will suppose 20% of the final qualification of the matter.
- The skills considered in this activity are the following ones: A3, A4, B4.
20
 
Assessment comments
<p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Times New Roman">-    </font>Attendance at lectures and practice and the preparation and presentation of the guided work is a required condition to be evaluated in both the ordinaryAnnouncement of may and and July test proof. There is necessary the attendance and participation in, at least, 80 % of each one of the activities of the matter.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Times New Roman">-   </font>Evaluation of the matter is based on an examination of theoretical content, practical examination content, and student participation in the development of guided work on some aspect of the theoretical program of matter.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Times New Roman">-   </font>In the announcement of may, a final theory examination will be realized and in the Laboratory of the INIBIC will take place the practical examination for the evaluation of the learning.  All the formative activities will have a score between 0 and 10 points. To calculate the final note, will be considered the following criteria:</p><p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Times New Roman">-  </font>1. Evaluation of the theoretical learning. The note obtained in this section will suppose the 55 % of the final note.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Times New Roman">-  </font>2. Evaluation of the practical learning. The note obtained in this section will suppose the 20 % of the final note.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Times New Roman">-   </font>3. Evaluation of the student participation in the development of the guided work, attendance at scheduled tutoring with the teacher to resolve doubts during development and result in the final presentation of the same will suppose 25% of the final note.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Times New Roman">-  </font>To surpass the matter in the may announcement, the total sum of those paragraphs should be between 5 and 10 points, being necessary to get, at least,  4 points in each one of the three sections. If it did not fulfil  this requirement to final qualification would correspond with the one of the section that have lower value. </p><p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Times New Roman">-  </font>The students that did not approve the subjet in the announcement of May, or they did not present to the same one , they will  try it again in the proof of July. In this case, the evaluation will consist of: </p><p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Times New Roman">-   </font><st1:metricconverter productid="1. in" w:st="on">1. In</st1:metricconverter> a test written on the theoretical  contents of the matter. The note obtained in this section (comprised between 0 and 10 points) will suppose the 80 % of the final note. </p><p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Times New Roman">-   </font><st1:metricconverter productid="2. in" w:st="on">2. In</st1:metricconverter> a practical proof of identical nature to the mentioned previously. The note obtained in this section (comprised between 0 and 10 points) will suppose 20% of the final note.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Times New Roman">-   </font>**To surpass the matter in the July announcement, the global sum of the mentioned sections will have to be comprised between 5 and 10 points, being necessary to obtain, at least, 4 points in each one of the two sections. If this requeriment was not fulfilled to final qualification would correspond with the one of the section that have lower value. </p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p><font face="Times New Roman">-    </font>The qualification of NO PRESENTED, will apply  only if the student/to had not participated in any activity of the subjet (master classes, practical classes, guided work and tests), or did not present  in the final announcement of July.</o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Times New Roman">-          </font><o:p> </o:p></p>

Sources of information
Basic

Bibliografía básica

- (*) Abbas, A. K.; Lichtman, A. H; Pillai, S. (2012). " Inmunología celular y molecular" . 7ª ed. Elsevier: Barcelona.

- (*) Murphy, K.P. (2012). " Janeway´s Immunobiology. 8ª ed. Garland Science.

- Regueiro G, J.R.; López L, C.; González R, S.; Martínez N, E. (2010). " Inmunología: Biología y patología del sistema inmunitario". 4ªed. Médica Panamericana.
Complementary

Bibliografía complementaria

- Abbas, A. K.; Lichtman, A. H; Pillai, S. (2009). " Inmunología celular y molecular" . 6ª ed. Elsevier: Barcelona.

- Delves,  P.J.;Martin, S.; Burton, D.;Roitt, I. (2008). " Roitt Inmunología. Fundamentos". 11 ed. Panamericana.

- Janeway, C.A.; Travers, P.; Walport, M.; Shlomchik,M.J.(2006)." Immunobiology. The immune system in health and disease". 6ed. Garland Science Publishing.

- Parham, P. (2006). " Inmunología" 2ª ed. Médica Panamericana.

BIBLIOGRAFÍA PARA PRÁCTICAS

- Autor : Campos Ferrer, A. (2004). "Manual de prácticas de inmunología" Masson: Barcelona.

PÁGINAS WEB RELACIONADAS CON INMUNOLOGÍA

- RevistaInmunología. Libre acceso en la página de la Sociedad Española de Inmunología: http:www.inmunologia.com

- J. Peña: http://www.inmunologiaenlinea.es

- Sociedad Española de Inmunología http://www.inmunologia.org/home.php.

- http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/book/immunolo-sta.htm

- http://www.whfreeman.com/catalog/static/whf/kuby/con_index.htm

- http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/T/TOC.html

 

 

 

 

 

Recommendations
Subjects that it is recommended to have taken before
Cellular Techniques/610441001
Molecular Techniques/610441002
Cell Signaling/610441004
Genetic Variation Mechanisms/610441005

Subjects that are recommended to be taken simultaneously
Molecular Microbiology /610441010
Human Genetics/610441016

Subjects that continue the syllabus
Stem Cells and Cell Therapy/610441009

Other comments
<p>We recommend: <br />- Attendance and active participation in the various activities of the discipline. <br />- Read or work the subjet of the lessons in the masterclass /work lessons in advance and take appropriate notes during his presentation. <br />- The study and the periodic review of the matter, according to advance materials, using the bibliographic material to understand and examine the information received in class. <br />- The search of information in diverse sourcesfor the preparation, presentation and defense of the supervised works. <br />- The clarification of possible doubts in the tutorships with the teacher</p><p><strong><u>PENDIENTE DE INCLUIR POR LOS SERVICIOS DE XESCAMPUS LOS SIGUIENTES PROFESORES<br />DEL INIBIC</u>:   </strong>Dra. Nieves Domenech García (<a href="mailto:NDomGar@canalejo.org">NDomGar@canalejo.org</a>)</p>


(*)The teaching guide is the document in which the URV publishes the information about all its courses. It is a public document and cannot be modified. Only in exceptional cases can it be revised by the competent agent or duly revised so that it is in line with current legislation.