Teaching GuideTerm Faculty of Science |
Grao en Nanociencia e Nanotecnoloxía |
Subjects |
Thermodynamics: Equilibrium and Phases |
Contents |
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Identifying Data | 2022/23 | |||||||||||||
Subject | Thermodynamics: Equilibrium and Phases | Code | 610G04018 | |||||||||||
Study programme |
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Descriptors | Cycle | Period | Year | Type | Credits | |||||||||
Graduate | 2nd four-month period |
Second | Obligatory | 6 | ||||||||||
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Topic | Sub-topic |
Unit 1.- Basic concepts |
1.1.- Object and limitations of Thermodynamics. 1.2.-Thermodynamic systems and states. 1.3.-Thermodynamic variables. 1.4.-Reversible and irreversible processes. 1.5.-Nanothermodynamics |
Unit 2.-Principles of Thermodynamics. |
2.1.-Principle of energy conservation. First principle of thermodynamics. Internal energy and enthalpy. 2.2.-Energy properties of a thermodynamic system. Calorimetric coefficients and calorific capacities. 2.3.-Limitations of the First Principle. 2.4.-Formulation of the Second Principle. The function of the entropy state. Clausius inequality. Entropy changes in closed and isolated systems. Entropy production. 2.5.-Equacóns Tds. 2.6.-Third principle of Thermodynamics. Nernst's claim. Absolute entropies |
Unit 3. Thermodynamic potentials and evolution evolution of thermodynamic systems. |
3.1.-Principles of maximum and minimum in nature. 3.2.-Hemholtz energy and maximum work. 3.3.-Gibbs energy and useful work. 3.4.-General thermodynamic relations:Maxwell Relations.. Hemholtz equation. Gibbs-Hemholtz equation. 3.5.-Thermodynamics of variable composition systems. Concept of chemical potential. Gibbs-Duhem equation 3.6.- Chemical potential of ideal and real gases. Concept of fugacity. 3.7.-Partial molar magnitudes. 3.8.-Equilibrium conditions. Phase equilibrium and chemical equilibrium. |
Unit 4. Phase balance. |
4.1.-Phase equilibria in systems of a component. Rule of phases. Clapeyron and Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Phase diagrams. 4.2.-Phase equilibria in two-component systems. Ideal and real solutions. Activity concept. Solubility and other properties. 4.3.- Other phase equilibria. |
Unit 5. Thermodynamics and size of the system: surfaces and systems of "small size". |
5.1.-Surface tension. Laplace equation. Capillary ascent. Contact angle. 5.2.-Thermodynamic properties and size. Solubility, Melting point, Nucleation… 5.3.-Nanothermodynamics. Hill's formulation of the general equation of thermodynamics (Gibbs equation). |
Unit 6. Introduction to the thermodynamics of irreversible processes. |
6.1.-Production of entropy. 6.2.-Generalized forces and flows. Linear and nonlinear thermodynamics. 6.3.-Heat transmission processes: conduction, convection and radiation. |
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