Teaching GuideTerm Higher Technical University College of Civil Engineering |
Mestrado Universitario en Enxeñaría da Auga (plan 2012) |
Subjects |
Physico-chemistry and quality of water |
Contents |
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Identifying Data | 2022/23 | |||||||||||||
Subject | Physico-chemistry and quality of water | Code | 632844203 | |||||||||||
Study programme |
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Descriptors | Cycle | Period | Year | Type | Credits | |||||||||
Official Master's Degree | 1st four-month period |
First | Obligatory | 6 | ||||||||||
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Topic | Sub-topic |
Basics of water chemistry | Structure and properties of water - Phase diagram of water - Density, salinity, heat capacity, viscosity - Oceanic stratification and thermohaline circulation - Phase transformations of water - Stereochemistry of the wáter molecule Basic chemistry concepts - Ponderal laws - Mass conservation - Mol and stoichiometry - Concentration units - Intensity and capacity properties Colligative properties - Adhesión, cohesion and capillarity Chemical bonding and aqueous interactions - Types of chemical bonding - Aqueous interactions - Emulsions and solutions Chemical equilibrium and solubility - Thermodynamic systems and laws - Components, phases and species - Collision theory and chemical reactions - Mass action law and the equilibrium constant - Le Chatelier's Principle - Chemical kinetics and reaction rates |
Sampling and monitoring | Planning a water quality survey Routine and special analyses Water sampling: Tools and methodology Sample pre-treatment and preservation In situ versus laboratory parameter determination Sampling water systems - Ground water sampling and special equipment - Precipitation - Surface water (streams and rivers) - Lakes and reservoir sampling |
Basic analitical techniques and quality assessment of water analysis | Experimental measurements Basic statistics - Statistical moments - Distribution functions and non-parametric statistics - Quantiles - Outliers Basic analytical chemistry: - Precision - Accuracy - Error and bias - Calibration and analytical limits Quality assessment: - Recommendations and rules-of-thumb Quantitative and qualitative analyses Selection of instrumental analytical techniques: - Titrimetry - Spectrometric methods - Chromatographic methods |
Graphical analyses of water quality data | Basic graphical assessment - Single water samples - Multiple water samples Advanced plotting and analysis techniques - Correlations and false correlations - Complex relationships - Time- and flow-adjusted concentrations - Time trend analyses - Time series analyses Analyses tools: - Time trends - PAST |
Interpretation of the quality of natural waters (Part I) | The water cycle and the global enegy budget Precipitation - Components of precipitation (dry, bulk, wet, hail, fog, etc.) - Precipitation sampling - Rain/forest/soil interactions - Smog and photochemical smog - Meteorological drivers and rain shadows - Chemical composition of precipitation - Sea spray - Acid rain - Global effects on precipitation - Critical loads - Local effects in precipitation |
Interpretation of the quality of natural waters (Part II) | Rivers and Streams - Basins and watersheds - River processes - Hyporrheic and riparian zones - Diel cycles - Major constituent origin and processes - Space and time dependencies in riverine systems |
Interpretation of the quality of natural waters (Part III) | Lakes and Reservoirs - Fresh water environments and ecological zoning - Lake types - The Aral Sea disaster - Special cases: Reservoirs, pit lakes and subglacial lakes - Residence time - Morphometrical studies: Methodology and descriptors - Energy budgets in lakes and reservoirs - Thermal classification of lakes and reservoirs - Light, attenuation and transparency - Oxygen - The cycles of C, N and P and their coupled systems |
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